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=-=-=-=-=Copyright 1993,4 Wired Ventures, Ltd. All Rights Reserved-=-=-=-=
-=-=For complete copyright information, please see the end of this file=-=-
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WIRED 2.05
Net Surf
********
Toasternets
^^^^^^^^^^^
You've fingered Coke machines, coffeemakers and Christmas trees. But never
in your net.travels have you encountered that most venerable and ubiquitous
of home applicances: the toaster. You wonder: "Why would anyone build an
entire network of bread-browning devices?"
A fine question. But toasternets are not actually comprised of toasters and
network cable. Rather, the term "toasternet" refers generically to small
computer networks built out of cheap and readily available parts. Unlike
commercial network service providers, who are motivated primarily by their
bottom line, most toasternets exist to meet their members' communication
needs -- to get people wired. Toasternets have become increasingly popular
as demand for Internet services has outpaced the capabilities of commercial
service providers. This is particularly true in the area of full-time
direct IP connectivity -- even providers that charge a flat rate for dialup
shell connections usually have hourly charges for direct IP services like
SLIP or PPP (see Netsurf 2.04). In addition, since toasternets operate by
cooperative agreement, they are typically free of the restrictions on
content or on the resale of service often imposed by commercial providers.
Toasternets can be an ideal solution for businesses (or individuals)
seeking inexpensive full-time direct IP service . However, this freedom
does come at a cost: Toasternets cannot usually afford to provide the same
level of technical assistance in getting connected that is typical for
commercial network service providers. Therefore, you will need to do at
least some of the dirty work yourself (or pay a consultant to do it for
you).
Toasternets connections require both a computer capable of connecting
directly to the Internet and some kind of telecom connection. The least
expensive gateway to the Net is a '386 running one of the free versions of
UNIX (such as Linux or NetBSD), though other UNIX boxes will also work just
fine. Once you have a machine, you need to connect your physical location
to your service provider's Connections to the outside world can be made by
either standard telephone lines (up to 28.8k), by ISDN (up to 128k), or via
leased lines (56k or T1 (1.5Mbps)). In each case, pricing will depend on
whether your connection is part-time or full time (residential dial-up
customers take note: unmeasured rate service means you can have a full-time
dialup connection for about $15 a month in most locations!). You will also
need appropriate communication hardware (standard modems for dial-up lines,
TA's for ISDN, CSU/DSU's for 56k or T1). Depending on your setup, you may
also need a router (to separate your local network traffic from Internet
traffic) and other network hardware (such as ethernet cabling, hubs, etc.)
to connect multiple machines to your Internet gateway.
The emergent phenomenon of toasternetworking is too new (and perhaps too
complex) for there to be any comprehensive reference guide, either printed
or electronic. However, plenty of information to get you started can be
found on the Net. Two useful starting points are Bernard Aboba's Mailcom
archive (FTP to ftp.netcom.com in /pub/mailcom/Toaster) and information
archive provided by the Little Garden (one of the original toasternets and
WIRED's own IP service provider) (FTP or gopher to tlg.org;
http://tlg.org).
Happy toasting!
-- Jonathan Steuer (jonathan@wired.com)
* * *
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